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==Strong verbs== The following is a table of all the different types and subtypes of strong verbs. The following strong verbs are extant in Gothic: * Class Ia: beidan "to await" (báiþ), beitan "to bite", deigan "to knead", dreiban "to drive" (dráif), greipan "to seize", hneiwan "to bow", bi-leiban "to remain" (bi-láif), ga-leiþan "to go", ur-reisan "to arise", skeinan "to shine", dis-skreitan "to rend", ga-smeitan "to smear", sneiþan "to cut", speiwan "to spit", steigan "to ascend", sweiban "to cease" (swáif), weipan "to crown", in-weitan "to worship"; * Class Ib: leiƕan "to lend", ga-teihan "to tell", þeihan "to thrive", þreihan "to press upon", weihan "to fight"; * Class IIa: ana-biudan "to bid" (ana-báuþ), biugan "to bend", driugan "to serve as a soldier", driusan "to fall", giutan "to pour", hiufan "to mourn", dis-hniupan "to break asunder", kiusan "to test", kriustan "to gnash"; liudan "to grow" (láuþ), liugan "to lie", fra-liusan "to lose", niutan "to enjoy", siukan "to be sick", af-skiuban "to push aside" (af-skáuf), sliupan "to slip", us-þriutan "to trouble"; * Class IIb: tiuhan "to lead", þliuhan "to flee"; * Class II, aorist-present: ga-lūkan "to shut"; * Class IIIa: bindan "to bind", bliggwan "to beat", brinnan "to burn", drigkan "to drink", filhan "to hide", finþan "to find", us-gildan "to repay", du-ginnan "to begin", hilpan "to help", fra-hinþan "to capture", af-linnan "to depart", rinnan "to run", siggwan "to sing", sigqan "to sink", fra-slindan "to swallow up", spinnan "to spin", stigqan "to thrust", swiltan "to die", ana-trimpan "to tread on", at-þinsan "to attract", þriskan "to thresh", wilwan "to rob", windan "to wind", winnan "to suffer", ga-wrisqan "to bear fruit"; * Class IIIb: baírgan "to keep", uf-gaírdan "to gird up", ƕaírban "to walk", af-swaírban "to wipe out", ga-þaírsan "to wither", waírpan "to throw", waírþan "to become"; * Class IVa: brikan "to break", niman "to take", qiman "to come", stilan "to steal", ga-timan "to suit"; * Class IVb: baíran "to bear", ga-taíran "to destroy"; * Class IV, aorist-present: trudan "to tread"; * Class Va: diwan "to die" (dáu), fitan "to travail in birth", giban "to give" (gaf), bi-gitan "to find", hlifan "to steal", ligan "to lie down", lisan "to gather", mitan "to measure", ga-nisan "to be saved", niþan "to help", qiþan "to say", rikan "to heap up", sitan "to sit", sniwan "to hasten" (snáu), ga-widan "to bind" (ga-waþ), ga-wigan "to shake down", wisan "to be, remain", wrikan "to persecute"; * Class Va, -j- present: bidjan "to pray"; * Class Va, irregular: itan "to eat"; * Class Vb: saíƕan "to see"; * Class Vb, -n- present: fraíhnan "to ask"; * Class VI: alan "to grow", us-anan "to expire", ga-daban "to beseem" (ga-dōf), ga-draban "to hew out" (ga-drōf), ga-dragan "to heap up", faran "to go", graban "to dig" (grōf), af-hlaþan "to lade", malan "to grind", sakan "to rebuke", skaban "to shave" (skōf), slahan "to smite", swaran "to swear", þwahan "to wash", wakan "to wake"; * Class VI, -j- present: fraþjan "to understand", hafjan "to raise", hlahjan "to laugh", ga-raþjan "to count", ga-skapjan "to create", skaþjan "to injure", wahsjan "to grow"; * Class VI, n-infix present: standan "to stand" (stōþ); * Class VII(a), -a- present: us-alþan "to grow old", blandan "to mix", falþan "to fold", gaggan "to go" (past supplied by iddja), haldan "to hold", ana-praggan "to oppress", saltan "to salt", ga-staldan "to possess", waldan "to rule"; * Class VII(a), -ā- present: fāhan "to seize", hāhan "to hang"; * Class VII(a), -ái- present: af-áikan "to deny", fráisan "to tempt", háitan "to call", láikan "to leap", máitan "to cut", skáidan "to divide"(skaískáiþ), ga-þláihan "to cherish, comforẗ"; * Class VII(a), -ē- present: uf-blēsan "to blow up, puff up", slēpan "to sleep"; * Class VII(a), -ō- present: blōtan "to worship", *flōkan "to bewail", ƕōpan "to boast"; * Class VII(a), -au- present: *lauan "to revile" ( *laílō); possibly also *bnauan "to rub", which may be a Class III weak verb (see below); * Class VII(a), -áu- present: áukan "to add", hláupan "to leap", stáutan "to smite"; * Class VII(b), -ē- present: grētan "to weep", lētan "to let", ga-rēdan "to reflect upon" (ga-raírōþ), tēkan "to touch"; * Class VII(b), -ai- present: saian "to sow", *waian "to blow". The following is a sample paradigm of a strong verb, niman "to take". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gothic verbs」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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